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GST inclusive vs exclusive (and UK VAT)

Same arithmetic as VAT. India then splits the tax for intra-state invoices.

Updated 2026-09-07.

Two directions

Exclusive: you know the taxable value. Tax = net × rate/100. Gross = net + tax. Inclusive: you know the shelf price. Net = gross / (1 + rate/100). Tax = gross − net.

Indian GST uses this for every slab (0, 5, 12, 18, 28% illustratively). UK VAT uses the same two directions at 20%, 5%, or 0%. The difference is how the tax line is labelled, not the algebra.

ModeYou typeYou get
GST/VAT exclusiveNet 10,000 at 18%Tax 1,800; gross 11,800
GST/VAT inclusiveGross 11,800 at 18%Net 10,000; tax 1,800
UK VAT exclusiveNet £100 at 20%VAT £20; gross £120
UK VAT inclusiveGross £120 at 20%Net £100; VAT £20

CGST, SGST, IGST

Intra-state Indian supplies split GST in half: CGST and SGST (or UTGST). Inter-state is IGST at the full rate. UK VAT does not split that way. Do not put CGST on a UK invoice.

Rounding

This site rounds each money line to two decimals and, for intra-state GST, assigns the leftover paisa so CGST + SGST equals total GST. Your accounting package may round the invoice differently. That is why this is an estimate, not a filed return.

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Related guides

GST inclusive vs exclusive (and UK VAT) FAQ

Which calculator should I use?
Indian GST invoices: GST calculator (jurisdiction + slabs). UK VAT invoices: UK VAT calculator (single rate). Do not mix them.